Breaking Down the GOP-Passed Fiscal Year 2025 Spending Bill: Where the Money Goes – Education, Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, etc.

House Republicans passed their Fiscal Year 2025 budget resolution, H. Con. Res. 14, setting forth a comprehensive framework for federal spending, revenue projections, and deficit expectations through 2034.

The proposed budget authorizes $5.515 trillion in new budget authority for fiscal year 2025, with an estimated $5.49 trillion in outlays. Despite the significant spending plan, the budget forecasts a $2.08 trillion deficit.

Over the next decade, budget outlays are projected to rise to $7.53 trillion by 2034, with federal revenues expected to increase from $3.4 trillion in 2025 to $5.41 trillion in 2034. However, the deficit remains persistent, averaging nearly $2 trillion per year over the period.

The budget, spearheaded by House Budget Committee Chairman Jodey Arrington (R-TX), seeks to reverse the “reckless spending spree” of the Biden administration, which has driven inflation, increased debt, and weakened national security.

“WOW! House GOP just passed my budget resolution that provides the fiscal framework for what will be one of the most consequential pieces of legislation in modern history and the principal legislative vehicle for delivering on President Donald Trump’s America First agenda,” Arrington wrote on X.

“I’m proud of my colleagues for meeting this moment with the urgency it demands, and I implore the Senate to act quickly so we can deliver on the people’s mandate by restoring fiscal health to our nation, reining in reckless spending, restoring safety and security to our communities, and reigniting economic growth for generations to come.”

WOW! @HouseGOP just passed my budget resolution that provides the fiscal framework for what will be one of the most consequential pieces of legislation in modern history and the principal legislative vehicle for delivering on President @realDonaldTrump’s America First agenda.… pic.twitter.com/6Op0geyOMS

— Rep. Jodey Arrington (@RepArrington) February 26, 2025

Here’s a closer look at the key functions funded under this budget:

1. National Defense

Budget Authority: $888 billion

Key Allocations:

Military personnel training and equipment
National Nuclear Security Administration
Counterterrorism efforts

Objective: Strengthen the U.S. military and bolster national security amid global threats.

2. International Affairs 

Budget Authority: $66 billion

Key Allocations:

Foreign aid and humanitarian assistance
State Department operations
International financial programs

Objective: Ensure America’s global leadership while maintaining fiscal oversight.

3. Science, Space, and Technology 

Budget Authority: $42.1 billion

Key Allocations:

NASA space exploration
National Science Foundation research
Department of Energy’s science programs

Objective: Maintain U.S. competitiveness in innovation and space exploration.

4. Energy

Budget Authority: $39.8 billion

Key Allocations:

Energy research and nuclear regulation
Fossil fuel and renewable energy initiatives

Objective: Unleash American energy dominance while cutting wasteful spending.

5. Natural Resources and Environment 

Budget Authority: $88.2 billion

Key Allocations:

EPA regulatory oversight
National Park Service and conservation programs

Objective: Balance environmental stewardship with economic growth.

6. Agriculture 

Budget Authority: $58.5 billion

Key Allocations:

Farm Service Agency and crop insurance
Agricultural research and rural development

Objective: Support farmers and strengthen food security.

7. Commerce and Housing Credit 

Budget Authority: $12.5 billion

Key Allocations:

Federal Housing Administration programs
U.S. Postal Service reforms

Objective: Improve housing affordability and streamline federal financial agencies.

8. Transportation

Budget Authority: $173.2 billion

Key Allocations:

Federal Highway and Aviation Administration funding
Public transit and infrastructure development

Objective: Modernize U.S. transportation infrastructure while curbing excessive spending.

9. Community and Regional Development 

Budget Authority: $87.8 billion

Key Allocations:

Disaster relief and rural development
Community economic programs

Objective: Strengthen local economies and disaster preparedness.

10. Education, Training, and Social Services 

Budget Authority: $149.3 billion

Key Allocations:

K-12 and higher education funding
Workforce training programs

Objective: Expand school choice and cut ineffective federal education programs.

11. Medicaid and Other Health Programs 

Budget Authority: $945.1 billion

Key Allocations:

Medicaid funding
Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and NIH research

Objective: Reform Medicaid to ensure sustainability and reduce fraud.

12. Medicare 

Budget Authority: $950.9 billion

Key Allocations:

Medicare Part A (hospital coverage)
Medicare Part B & D (medical services & prescription drugs)

Objective: Strengthen Medicare while controlling runaway spending.

13. Income Security 

Budget Authority: $712.4 billion

Key Allocations:

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Housing assistance

Objective: Reform entitlement programs to encourage workforce participation.

14. Social Security 

Budget Authority:

On-budget: $67.3 billion

Off-budget: $1.5 trillion

Key Allocations:

Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI)
Disability Insurance (DI)

Objective: Preserve Social Security while addressing its long-term solvency.

15. Veterans Benefits and Services 

Budget Authority: $361.3 billion

Key Allocations:

VA medical care and disability compensation
Housing and education benefits

Objective: Honor commitments to veterans while improving efficiency.

16. Administration of Justice 

Budget Authority: $83.1 billion

Key Allocations:

Border security and immigration enforcement
FBI, DEA, and DOJ programs

Objective: Enhance law enforcement and secure the border.

17. General Government 

Budget Authority: $10 billion

Key Allocations:

Executive and legislative branch operations
IRS and federal personnel management

Objective: Reduce bureaucracy and government waste.

18. Net Interest

Budget Authority: Estimated $881 billion

Key Allocations:

Interest payments on national debt

Objective: Control interest costs by reducing federal deficits.

You can read the bill below:

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